Thereis a second type of information retrievalproblemthat is intermediate between unstructured retrieval and querying a relational database. Its relationship to existing retrieval mechanisms is investigated. A non classical logic for information retrieval, the computer journal, 296. An introduction to nonclassical logic this revised and considerably expanded edition of an introduction to nonclassical logic brings together a wide range of topics, including modal, tense, conditional, intuitionist, manyvalued, paraconsistent, relevant and fuzzy logics. Logic for dummies published by wiley publishing, inc. Firstly, information has played a role in providing a basis for certain accounts of logic. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form. Intelligent text handling using default logic, 1994. A new principle, the logical uncertainty principle, is proposed, to deal with the inherent uncertainty associated with applicable inferences. It introduces the formalisms used in logical models for information retrieval, shows the use of logic to build the models, and presents a brief overview of some of the current logical models in information retrieval. A language modeling approach to information retrieval. This course will study classical and non classical logics using an introduction to non classical logic second edition by graham priest and a variety of supplementary readings. These papers examine the details of various models and other specific techniques and technologies, including reports of testing. Media in category non classical logic the following 11 files are in this category, out of 11 total.
Logicbased xml information retrieval for determining the. This is the companion website for the following book. An application of plausible reasoning to information retrieval. Using uncertainty in information retrieval adrian giurca abstract the use of logic in information retrieval ir enables one to formulate models that are more general than other well known ir models. Information retrieval ir modeling by logic and lattice. A model of information retrieval based on a terminological logic towards a probabilistic modal logic for semanticbased information retrieval 1980 a logic for default reasoning a nonclassical. I genesis 1 a nonclassical logic for information retrieval ii logical models 2 toward a broader logical model for information retrieval 3 experiences in information retrieval modelling using structured formalisms and modal logic 4 preferential models of query by. The paper that launched a number of papers dealing with the logical model for information retrieval. This course will study classical and nonclassical logics using an introduction to nonclassical logic second edition by graham priest and a variety of supplementary readings. Non classical logics play a prominent role in many areas of philosophy. An introduction to non classical logic from if to is second edition graham priest university of melbourne and university of st andrews. A language modeling approach to information retrieval, proceedings of the acm sigir, pp. Pdf a logical model for information retrieval is presented.
Other alternative models of information retrieval include. At a basic level there is the interpretation that good logic arguments are just those arguments where the information in the conclusion is already contained in the. The geometry of information retrieval information retrieval, ir, is the science of extracting information from documents. Though, i should say, it doesnt go as in depth as, say, a new introduction to modal logic by hughes and cresswell, which is a great booka classicbut isnt the best if you need to ease your way into modal logic. The non classical models of information retrieval models are based on the principles other than the similarity, probability and boolean operations etc. Given a set of documents, clustering is the task of coming up with a good grouping of the documents based on their contents. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read an introduction to nonclassical logic. Another contender for the title of the first nonclassical logic is the three valued system of lukasiewicz, introduced in 1920 in lu20.
Of soundness and completeness, for each of the logics described in the first edition of priest, an introduction to non classical logic 3. He has been active in information retrieval research since 1969, covering both theoretical and experimental aspects. List of issues journal of applied nonclassical logics. There are many kinds of nonclassical logic, which include. Information retrieval ir may be defined as a software program that deals with the organization, storage, retrieval and evaluation of information from document repositories particularly textual information.
The most widely used model for information retrieval uses boolean logic, discussed by cooper 1 and van rijsbergen 3. Using default logic in information retrieval springerlink. In 1986 van rijsbergen 4 proposed the use of a nonclassical conditional logic for ir. An information retrieval model based on modal logic. Ir inference process, either through nonclassical logics or some uncertainty. Logic and uncertainty in information retrieval citeseerx. Investigating aboutness axioms using information fields. Computability logic is a semantically constructed formal theory of computabilityas opposed to classical logic, which is a formal theory of truthintegrates and extends classical, linear and intuitionistic logics manyvalued logic rejects bivalence, allowing for truth values other than true and. In this paper, we show how this uncertainty problem can be addressed by using default logic. Part i genesis a nonclassical logic for information retrieval part ii logical models toward a broader logical model for information retrieval experiences in information retrieval modelling using structured formalisms and modal logic preferential models of query by navigation a flexible framework for multimedia information retrieval the flow of information in information retrieval. Sierocinski, thomas theret, nathalie and petritis, dimitri 2008.
The system assists users in finding the information they require but it does not explicitly return the answers of the questions. Implicit in many information retrieval models is a logic. Another standard model is the vector space model, described by salton et al. Computability logic is a semantically constructed formal theory of computabilityas opposed to classical logic, which is a formal theory of truthintegrates and extends classical, linear and intuitionistic logics. Logical developments from aristotle to the computer.
Towards an information logic towards an information logic van rijsbergen, c. A manual of intentional logic, university of chicago press 1985. An introduction to nonclassical logic by graham priest. Priests introduction to nonclassical logic is my textbook of choice for introducing nonclassical logic to undergraduates. To gain an intuition, we explore various equivalent notions of the essence of classical reasoning including the law of the excluded middle and doublenegation elimination. The kluwer international series on information retrieval, vol 4. Language models and uncertain inference in information retrieval. Information retrieval is a nonmonotonic reasoning activity. In this book, the author, one of the leading researchers. In studies in logic and the foundations of mathematics, 2007. Logical model of information retrieval based on propositional logic. Information retrieval ir is the science concerned with the effective and efficient retrieval of information for. Indeed, some logical models are able to represent, within a uniform framework, various features of ir. A study of probability kinematics in rnformation retrieval.
Its one of the most if not the most readable introductions to modal logic. Variations on language modeling for information retrieval. In a logical ir model1, the information content of a document is represented by a. The results have not been widely reported due to the computational complexity of the model crestani95. Students with a basic understanding of classical logic will find this book an invaluable introduction to an area that has become of central importance in both logic and philosophy. Probabilistic retrieval revisited the computer journal. Uncertainty and logics contains a collection of exciting papers proposing, developing and implementing logical ir models. An introduction to non classical logic this revised and considerably expanded edition of an introduction to non classical logic brings together a wide range of topics, including modal, tense, conditional, intuitionist, manyvalued, paraconsistent, relevant and fuzzy logics. Pdf information retrieval is a nonmonotonic reasoning activity. Proceedings of the 21st annual international acm sigir conference on research and development in information retrieval, pages. The paper motivates the use of a particular conditional logic as the right logic for ir. A model of information retrieval based on a terminological logic. Logic, nonclassical the purpose of this entry is to survey those modern logics that are often called nonclassical, classical logic being the theory of validity concerning truth functions and firstorder quantifiers likely to be found in introductory textbooks of formal logic at the end of the twentieth century.
Boole, 1854 information computational retrieval based on stored program electronic computers has been an. Keith van rijsbergen is a professor of computing science at the university of glasgow. It shows how a particular conditional logic is the right logic to do information retrieval. Nonclassical logic an overview sciencedirect topics. Logic and uncertainty in information retrieval school of. One way or another mostly manual, documents and queries. These include the information logic model and interaction model. It is now clear that it is not possible to apply the logical uncertainty principle without a combination of a nonclassical logic formalism and uncertainty theory. This book is appropriate for use as a text for a graduatelevel course on information retrieval or database systems, and as a reference for researchers and practitioners in industry.
Priests introduction to non classical logic is my textbook of choice for introducing non classical logic to undergraduates. It gives the reader an introduction to a vast range of nonclassical logics. Although intuitionism predates it by a decade, lukasiewiczs logic was arguably 11 the first introduced expressly for the purpose of leaving the two. The computer journal 29, 6 the return of the trivial formalizing collectionitem metadata relationships allen h. Part i, on propositional logic, is the old introduction, but contains much new material. Mar 12, 2001 part 1, on propositional logic, is the old introduction, but contains much new material. Documents and queries are represented by propositional formulas and we apply techniques of. Frequently bayes theorem is invoked to carry out inferences in ir, but in dr probabilities do not enter into the processing. An outline of a general model for information retrieval. The wellknown probabilistic model for information retrieval based on bayesian conditioning of probability functions is examined. An example is giv en in classical logic where inference is often asso ciated with lo gic al implic ation. Pdf a logical model for information retrieval based on. Logical and uncertainty models for information access. This paper reexamines the principle from the point of view of classical logic.
This paper formalises a nonclassical logic underlying information retrieval. Pdf information retrieval is the science concerned with the efficient and effective. Information retrieval by logical imaging citeseerx. A study of similarity functions used in textual information. On the role of logic in information retrieval, information processing and management 34, 1. Pdf the use of logic in information retrieval modeling. From if to is, edition 2 ebook written by graham priest. An introduction to formal logic open textbook library. Information retrieval and situation theory department of. A model of information retrieval based on a terminological logic towards a probabilistic modal logic for semanticbased information retrieval 1980 a logic for default reasoning a non classical. A new framework based on a non classical logic is proposed for investigating ir. It is extended to allow conditioning based on evidence derived from the passage of experience which may be nonpropositional in nature.
Kenneth konyndyks introduction to modal logic is a must. After working through the material in this book, a student should be able to understand most quantified expressions that arise in their philosophical reading. Nevertheless, many people in the information retrieval community do not yet appreciate the work. We will adopt the probabilistic approach, more specifically that of. A nonclassical logic for information retrieval springerlink. Fuzzy and quantum methods of information retrieval to analyse genomic data from patients at. Originally, manual indexes were created to provide.
This formalization is a logical implication with an attached measure of uncertainty. It gives the reader an introduction to a vast range of non classical logics. According to the logical model of information retrieval ir 21. Part 2 is entirely new, and covers quantification and identity for all the logics in this revised and considerably expanded 2nd edition brings together a wide range of topics, including modal, tense, conditional, intuitionist, manyvalued, paraconsistent. Another distinction can be made in terms of classifications that are likely to be useful. A study of smoothing methods for language models applied to. This new form of conditioning is combined with a nonclassical logic to define a new probabilistic model for information retrieval. It is unique in meeting two almost inconsistent aims. In an information system, the user is not certain about the contents of the information system, and the system is not certain about the users needs. A new framework based on a nonclassical logic is proposed for investigating ir.
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